If you’re thinking about breeding your dog, then it’s important that you understand the laws and regulations surrounding the breeding of dogs in Ireland. Not all that long ago, this was an industry with very little regulation and practically anyone with a dog was free to breed and sell puppies. Thankfully, things have changed a lot in recent years.
Animal welfare groups have argued for some time that Ireland needed better and stricter laws with regards to breeding and they finally got their wish in 2019. This was when the new Animal Health and Welfare (Sale or Supply of Pet Regulations) 2019 were introduced. However, it wasn’t until February 1st 2020 that these laws came into force.
The new laws placed tougher restrictions on breeding and the sale of puppies although they’re not as prohibitive as they could have been.
As a breeder or potential breeder we would encourage you to read the legal texts for yourself. We have links to the relevant Irish and EU laws here laws on selling dogs in Ireland.
Who can breed dogs?
In short, if you have a dog, then you can still breed it and sell or give the puppies up for adoption to friends and family. However, and this is the most crucial point, puppy sales are limited to five per year before you need to register.
This means that if you plan to sell or supply six or more puppies in a single calendar year, then you must register as a breeder (either a Registered Seller or a Dog Breeding Establishment).
Note: We are not asking should I breed my dog? As that’s another separate question, but serious consideration should go into that before embarking down this road.
The idea behind the limitation of five puppies is to allow people who may have unintentionally welcomed a litter into their home, to legally sell the pups instead of giving them up for adoption or registering. It’s a common sense approach to the legislation that also allows for owners to breed on a small scale if they choose to do so.
Irish law groups those who sell dogs into three categories which we will take a closer look at below. But before we do that, a quick word on microchipping.
Dog Microchipping
The Dog Microchipping Regulations of 2015 were signed into law in 2016 and required that every dog in Ireland must have a microchip with a unique numerical code. This code is linked to the owner and dog’s details which are hosted on an authorised database.
The law stipulates that if a dog leaves its place of birth, it must be microchipped first and the new owner’s details registered on a database. Even if the dog is not sold, it must be microchipped before it reaches 12 weeks of age.
Now that we understand the laws of dog microchipping, let’s take a look at how the new breeding laws affect dog breeders here in ireland.
Group 1 – Private individuals
According to the law, a private individual is anyone who breeds a dog and then sells five or less puppies in a single calendar year.
A private individual does not need to register as a breeder and they are free to sell their pups.
However, they must not sell any pups that are younger than eight weeks old.
They are also responsible for microchipping the pups and ensuring that any ads placed online clearly state the pup’s microchip number, the country of origin, etc.. There are also hygiene requirements relating to the handling of pups and certain standards of care which must be met.
So aside from the limitation of pups for sale, now, thanks to the 2015 regulations, a private individual selling a dog or even simply passing one on to a friend or family member is responsible for microchipping.
Group 2 – Registered Sellers
The 2019 laws that came into force in 2020, state that any person that sells six or more puppies must register as a breeder. They must then maintain certain records with regards to their activities while adhering to standards of care for all their animals.
Registration is a straightforward process that requires breeders to fill out and return a pet sales registration form.
Registered breeders or Registered Sellers are bound by the same laws that require private individuals to microchip all dogs either before they reach 12 weeks of age or before they are sold.
Breeders are also prohibited from selling a pup that is less than eight weeks old.
Group 3 -Dog breeding establishments
According to The Dog Breeding Establishments Act, 2010, any property with six or more female dogs that are capable of breeding is considered a dog breeding establishment. These fall under the regulations as laid out in the 2010 Act and are not subject to the new laws brought into force in 2020.
Dog breeding establishments (DBEs) are strictly regulated and must conform to specific requirements in terms of size and hygiene. Dogs must receive daily health checks and all dogs over the age of 12 weeks must be microchipped even if they are not to be sold.
The establishment must have sufficient staff depending on the number of dogs on the premises and while it’s not a legal requirement to have formal dog training, it is encouraged.
All dog breeding establishments must have the proper licencing in place issued by a local authority. The issuing local authority can and will visit the establishment at regular intervals to check that the dogs are in good health and that the correct records are in place for each litter of pups.
A dog breeding establishment also has a duty of care to the animals on-site. That means that a vet must be contacted for any medical conditions that cannot be dealt with by the staff.
More about the requirements for becoming a Dog Breeding Establishment can be seen here.
New laws
These new laws that came into force in February of 2020 have ad a huge positive impact on the industry. While private individuals can still breed their pets, the new regulations discourage certain people from taking advantage of their dogs. And that is a very good thing indeed.
Some welfare and social media groups have called for further regulations around the supply and sale of pet animals, and we expect these laws to expand and be more defined in the coming years.
I am desperately looking for some help. My granddaughter bought a dog last week, cost her 700 euro and within a week she had to bring him to the vet and then other day had to have an emergency operation, all I want to know is should she the breeder be responsible for the cost of same, me personally think he should, will love to have some advice please
Hi Margaret, did you have any contract with the seller about the health of the dog? Without something like this it may be tough to pursue compensation for any issue you may have after you bought the dog. Have you alerted the seller ?
A lot of people’s are getting away with selling puppies and the welfare of the dogs are in very bad condition not right. And are selling with a few numbers and got other people’s working making a lot of money out of poor dogs and the poor dogs don’t see anything to eat in weeks.
You can pursue the seller under the sales of goods and services act 1982? Take legal advice or go to your local citizen advice centre.
Hi Samantha, As far as I know the Goods and Services act would only apply if they are a commercial seller. According to CitizensInformation.ie
Thanks for this article. I am saddened that the legislation is not stricter regarding the breeding of dogs. All dogs should be sterilised unless breeders are registered as such and follow very strict guidelines as KUSA has. There is no reason to keep an unsterilized dog or cat unless you have some archaic thought process thinking it would be a terrible shame not to allow a ‘ mommy’ dog or a ‘daddy’ dog to have ‘babies’. It should be a natural process to have a dog sterilized and if one does not, it stands to reason they want to breed the dog. I am shocked this is still allowed in Ireland. Every dog owner should volunteer with an inspector going about his day to day activities rescuing animals that are being abused. By the way, what about licences for the dogs? Dont they have to be licenced? Thanks for a great article anyway.
Omg if all dogs are sterilized there will be no dogs in 20 years. Especially cross breds.. I LOL everytime I see someone make such a silly statement.
I bought a bernise mountain dog she is only 6 months old and has knee dysplasia the father of the dog also gas it. I only found out today should the breeder have bred with a history of this. My puppy must now have an operation to ease her pain and is on painkillers. I paid €3000 for this puppy and I’m very upset over this situation. The operation is going to cost a few thousand euros what are my rights I’m just devastated over this.
No vaccination no microchip and dog will be healthy, I was 2 dogs vaccination and microchip after every week open dor in veterinary and pay to much money, no more natheng
Hi do I need a licence if I stud out a male dog
Nichola, all dogs require a dog license https://www.licences.ie/ILAS/Home/Licences?bundleId=17 but for breeding specifically you don’t need a breeding licence unless you have 6 or more breeding females on your premises.
I am very saddened to see a large number of dogs for sale today that are one month old. dogs for sale should not be advertised for sale until they are 8 to 12 weeks old. It highlights the need for stricter laws on dog breeding.
Hi Miriam, we don’t publish ads until dogs are 7 weeks of age. All dogs need to be microchipped / registered and over the 7 weeks for the ad to be published. If the dogs are 7 weeks on a weekend the ad will be published on the Friday before.
Hi what is the legal age for a male dog to mate? My male golden retriever is 9 months old wasn’t planning on breeding with my 2 Yr old female retriever may have happened by mistake.
There is no legal age Debbie to have your dog mate. Generally people wait until their dog is mature (12-18 months old) to see if there are any hereditary issues. Some breeds of dogs can be sexually mature from around 6 months of age.
Why is it that ***** ***** in Wales is able to import so many dog breeding bitches from Ireland regularly? This seems to be the basis of their business, rescuing bitches that no longer can or can’t be used for breeding. My understanding is that they are importing around a 100 dogs this week. Surely the laws in Ireland regarding the breeding of dogs need to be reviewed and should be much made stricter. It’s pointless trying to mop up the flood if the tap is not turned off.
Who is responsible for changing the laws around breeding dogs. Legislation
needs to be changed. The animal welfare centres are overflowing due to
unwanted animals and unresponsible owners.
Hi Philly, your local TD is your voice here. They can make representations to the Minister of Agriculture and the Department.
Can a breeder sell a new born puppy to an ordinary family or is it against the law ?
Denis : If you sell or supply 6 or more dogs in a year you are legally required to register with the Department of Agriculture,
https://dogs.ie/registered-sellers-of-pets
I bought a japanese spitz that was born on 05/12/23.he was 12 weeks old when i got him.he was snow white when i got him like japanese spitz are meant to be.but he is 20 weeks old now and a big brown patch has formed on his back and base of tail.could the breeder be held to account for this.thanks for ur help
Hi, we got a new puppy a few days ago a Cavapoo, he’s only 10 weeks. My son almost two is terrified of him, crys everytimw he goes near him. Should I persist for awhile to see if they get along or if not, do I have the option to resell him on here?
@Stephen: it can take a bit of time to get a young kid to be comfortable with a dog, and vice-versa. It’s generally not best to force an interaction. An adult should always be present, but maybe small interactions, like having your toddler put food in the dogs bowl or give it a treat could help.